Cosmos Episode 9 Viewing Worksheet

Great educators know that in order for all students to learn, they need to adjust their teaching style to accommodate all types of learners. This means there needs to be an assortment of ways that content and topics are introduced and reinforced for the students. One way this can be accomplished is through videos. Luckily, Fox has come out with an amazingly entertaining and extremely accurate science series called Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey,  hosted by the very likable Neil deGrasse Tyson. He makes learning science fun and accessible for all levels of learners. Whether the episodes are used to supplement a lesson, as a review for a topic or unit of study, or as a reward, teachers in all science subjects should be encouraging their students to watch the show. If you are looking for a way to assess understanding or what the students were paying attention to during Cosmos Episode 9, called The Lost Worlds of Earth, here is a worksheet you can use as a viewing guide, a note-taking worksheet, or even a post-video quiz. Just copy-and-paste the worksheet below and tweak as you feel is necessary. Cosmos Episode 9 Worksheet  Name:___________________    Directions: Answer the questions as you watch episode 9 of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey.    1.  On what day of the â€Å"cosmic calendar† is 350 million years ago?    2. Why could insects grow to be so much larger 350 million years ago than they can today?    3. How do insects take in oxygen?    4. How big was most vegetation on land before trees evolved?    5. What happened to the trees in the Carboniferous Period after they died?    6. Where were the eruptions centered during the mass extinction in the Permian Period?    7. What had the buried trees in the Carboniferous Period turned into and why was this bad during the time of the eruptions in the Permian Period?    8. What is another name for the Permian mass extinction event?    9. New England was a neighbor to which geographical area 220 million years ago?    10. The lakes that broke apart the great supercontinent turned into what eventually?    11. What did Abraham Ortelius say ripped America away from Europe and Africa?    12. How did most scientists in the early 1900s explain that certain dinosaur fossils were found in both Africa and South America?    13. How did Alfred Wegener explain why there were the same mountains on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean?    14. What happened to Alfred Wegener the day after his 50th birthday?    15. What did Marie Tharp discover in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean after drawing a map of the ocean floor?    16. How much of the Earth lies beneath 1000 feet of water?    17. What is the longest submarine mountain range in the world?    18. What is the name of the deepest canyon on Earth and how deep is it?    19. How do species get light at the bottom of the ocean?    20. What is the process bacteria use in the trenches in order to make food when sunlight doesn’t reach that far?    21. What created the Hawaiian Islands millions of years ago?    22. What is the core of the Earth made of?    23. What two things keep the mantle a molten liquid?    24. How long were dinosaurs on the Earth?    25. What did Neil deGrasse Tyson say the temperature of the Mediterranean basin was hot enough to do when it was still a desert?    26. How did tectonic forces bring North and South America together?    27. What two adaptations did early human ancestors develop in order to swing from trees and to travel short distances?    28. Why were human ancestors forced to adapt to living and traveling on the ground?    29. What caused the Earth to tilt on an axis?    30. How did the human ancestors get to North America?    31. How long is the current intermission in the Ice Age projected to last?    32. How long has the unbroken â€Å"string of life† been going?

Essay on Tacitus The Agricola and The Germania - 903 Words

Imperial Rome, during the first century A.D. was expanding its boundaries by adding new territories. They expanded into northern Europe and Britain and conquered or attempted to conquer various types of people. Based on my reading of Tacitus The Agricola and The Germania, I have knowledge of the life and customs of the Britons, subject of the Agricola, and the Germans, subject of the Germania. This of course being the Romans, and more specifically Tacitus, observation and view of these groups of people. The customs of the Britons differed from that of the Romans. Britain was the largest of the islands known to the Romans, who thought of Britons as barbarians. The physical characteristics of the Britons varied, suggesting that they†¦show more content†¦The Romans viewed the Britons as spiritless cowards because instead of dying for their cause and families- wives and children at home, they would run away and therefore be captured in stead of dying for the cause. The customs o f the Germans also differed from those of the Romans. Germany contained various people and was thought of by Tacitus as indigenous with little foreign blood. Their physical characteristics are all the same, they cannot endure hard work and tiring chores as the Romans can. Their only form of wealth was in numbered livestock, because their lands didnt have a lot of silver or gold. But after being exposed to the Romans, they began to value gold and silver. Unlike the weapons of swords and lances, the Germans use spears with short and narrow blades, javelins and shields. They dont train their horses like the Romans, for speed. Their strength is in their infantry, not their cavalry. Their system of power and authority is quite different. For instance, the power of the kings is not absolute, the commanders lead by example not authority, and the priests inflict punishments. The chiefs fight for victory on the battlefield, and the followers fight for their chiefs not themselves. Tacitus vie ws the Germans as having a need for violence. The women in Germania stay close their men. The men go to their mothers and wives to be treated, encouraged and supplied with food. TheShow MoreRelatedAgricola and Germania Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesKali Ryan Agricola and Germania Dr.Newsome October 2, 2012 Agricola and Germania The Agricola and Germani is a novel that serves two purposes: The Agricola is a eulogy praising Tacituss father-in-law, and commander of Britian, Agricola. The Germania is an ethnography on German people. Both stories are told through the eyes of Tacitus as he indirectly criticizes Roman politics and society. His reason for snaking in these criticisms in such a crafty manner had been due to his friendship withRead MoreThe Relationship Between Roman Empire And Western Europe1708 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Tacitus is a historian who described life of the Roman Empire and the many different types of people who lived within Rome itself or alongside its borders. Agricola and Germania were amongst his earlier writings, however these two stories described the relationship between the Roman Empire and the surrounding regions of Northern Europe. Agricola is a testimonial towards Tacitus’s father in law which was commended for his many achievements for the Roman influence on Britain. In Germania TacitusRead MoreEssay about Germania: Tacitus’ Perceptions of Pax Romana Rome1455 Words   |  6 PagesGermania: Tacitus’ Perceptions of Pax Romana Rome While the early 2nd century is usually considered to be the height of the Roman Empire, closer examinations reveal a deteriorating state hiding behind a faà §ade of power and wealth. As modern day historian C. Warren Hollister described, â€Å"life in Rome’s ‘golden age’ could be pleasant enough if one were male, adult, very wealthy, and naturally immune to various epidemic diseases. But if this was humanity’s happiest time, God help us allRead MoreTacitus And Roman Imperialism1850 Words   |  8 PagesTacitus believes that Roman Imperialism has a variety of attributes that include prosperity, cruelty, and jealousy. He is more so critical of conquests attempted by people he does not favor. Tacitus is a great source of the Roman imperialist results as he lived through emperor’s who were thought to be effective and others who were unsatisfactory to say the least. He favored the Trajanic regime that he was serving under while criticized Domi tian’s reign undoubtedly. Overall, his opinion on imperialRead MoreRoman Armys Superiority to the Celts Essay2238 Words   |  9 PagesLatin Course are just a few examples of the wonderful and innovative technology brought to this country by a much accomplished and conquering Roman Army. The Roman Army had advanced as far as (Great Britain) conquering along the way Germania (Germany) and Gaul (France) amongst others. However their arrival in Britain was greeted by the native Celts who were one of the four great barbarian people (Ephorus 405-330 bc). The Celtic tactics and fighting techniques were a starkRead MoreInteraction between Political and Social Life in Ancient Imperial Rome1788 Words   |  8 Pages.strong enough to restore orderly government and to beat back the warring troops to their proper quarters. (M.Cary TJ Haarhoff, p. 83) But when Vespasian, in the course of his general triumph, restored stable government to Britain... (Tacitus, p.68) As well as being a strong source of information about political life during this time, the novel also catalogues the struggles faced before and after marriage by Vespasians mistress, the freedwoman Caenis. Their forbidden relationship is

Book Review Animate Form by Greg Lynn Essay Example For Students

Book Review: Animate Form by Greg Lynn Essay Book Review: Animate Form by Greg Lynn Animate Form composed by Greg Lynn, is a book that challenges the design attacks of architecture in 1999s.In the book, he discussed how designers deal to their edifice with inactive. He defines the term of â€Å"animation† as an development of a signifier and the force which determining the signifier by connoting animalism, animism, growing, propulsion, verve and virtuality. Lynn was seeking to make a system that projected forces are moving over the signifier themselves by presenting the pattern of life and gesture in writing package in his design development. He farther expresses his statement by utilizing the illustrations from cars and boats and provinces that the design attacks of their signifiers are straight related to the force received by the vehicles. Through presenting his thought of reverse kinetic in architecture signifier, Lynn stress his statement by disputing the ways how designers approach in their design procedure. He contends that life can help in the edifice designs that trade with complicated force of gravitation which had one time disinterest by the designers. Besides, he besides illustrate a series of illustration from his old plants to demo the patterned advances of how alive signifiers shaped by forces with the concluding consequence as to back up his ain statement. As what Lynn mentioned the calculation design procedure of practical infinite in the book, it enables interior decorator to explicate and warrant the composite based signifier of concretion even their apprehension and cognition are limited. Here, Lynn had taken advantages of the historical illustrations such as the survey of curvature by Entienne-Jules Marey and the instance survey of Quattro Fontane by Francesco Borromini to explicate his idea processes on how he came to the thought of life and the restrictions in order to achieve their qualities in signifier design Greg Lynn ( 1991 ) Animate Form. New York. Princeton Architectural Press. Pp. 9 Ibid. Pp. 10 Furthermore, Lynn province the geometries signifiers shaped by Baroque constructions was antecedently characterized wrongly as signifier that are built up by uninterrupted watercourse of comparative value and basically the spline defined in his computational design should categorise similar with them3. Lynn farther explains the inactive relationship between composite curves and occultations will be created when the signifiers of Baroque geometric adhered to cardinal radii ( Figure 1.1 ) , while spline geometry that adopt in computer-aid design procedure enable vectors to run and modulate through control vertices ( Figure 1.2 )4.Lynn besides tried to analyze how Baroque architecture trade with complex curve designs in order to analyze the nature and belongingss of splines in computing machine life design every bit good as the restrictions of inactive system. Figure 1.1 ( Beginning: Animate Form by Greg Lynn ) Figure 1.2 ( Beginning: Animate Form by Greg Lynn ) Ibid. Pp. 20 Ibid. Pp. 20 He uses the research of curvature carry out by Entienne-Jules Marey as case in point to back up his statement of calculation life in relation to infinite and clip. Through the thoughts that had been to the full utilized into the issues of life, Lynn successfully creates credibleness to his statement. Marey described by Lynn as one of the innovator morphologist to travel off from the signifier survey of inert Cartesian infinite toward the research of beat, motions, pulsations, flows and their effects on signifier as clip passed5. Figure 2 is an image that demoing research of motion illustrated by Marey. He was seeking to snapshot a continual series of imaginations that captured from the gesture of a horse’s limb. This method is so adopted by Lynn and often uses in snapshotting series of imaginations in his generated life. Harmonizing to Lynn, everything that designed for map should follow with the environing acting forces. To Kill A Mockingbird - Plot Summary EssayBesides, Lynn besides argues that even presents computing machine are going omnipotent in the procedure of planing, but they are still non capable to plan by their ain. In order to beef up his statement, he dispute the thought of John Frazer and Karl Chu who are the design theorists that claim that computing machines are originative plenty and have the capableness to bring forth familial design schemes by themselves12. Here, Lynn had design a parametric quantity in order to cover with the computational design at the same clip supporting himself from other critics whom might believe that computational life had taken over the design works from designers. Harmonizing to Lynn, he believe computing machine should utilize as a tool in procedures of planing but non as what Frazer and Chu had argued that allow the computing machines to plan by themselves.Thus, this contrast had allows Lynn to show the of import function of computational life that p layed in architectural design.He besides mentioned that interior decorators should handle their computing machine like a pet because if the abandon of design procedures were controlled and disciplined, it will enable one to foretell the if behavior or public presentation of computational design system and the mathematics behind them13. Ibid. Pp. 19 Ibid. Pp. 19 Ibid. Pp. 20 Greg Lynn is a theoretical designer and philosopher that develop the architectural construct of animated based signifier and performativity based architecture. Even though â€Å"Animate form† had published long ago in 1999s, it had still efficaciously foreseen and argues the part to the development of computational design in architecture presents. Lynn had good reinforced and utilized his thought in the development of architecture sector through comparison and contrasting the different political orientations that are either recognize or refute with his statement. Through the illustrations and signifiers taken from his old plants, Lynn able to reason the relationship between capablenesss of life to adumbrate the force and how can be the signifier shaped in order responds to the force. Lynn successfully explored the strength of computational life design in the architectural promotion at the same clip supplying a whole new positions and chance in design procedures. Mentions: Book Greg Lynn. ( 1991 ) . Animate Form. New York. Princeton Architectural. Website hypertext transfer protocol: //glform.com/buildings/port-authority-triple-bridge-gateway-competition/ retrieved by 30 August 2014 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.basilisk.com/P/portauthority_561.html retrieved by 31 August 2014 hypertext transfer protocol: //cgg-journal.com/2005-3/04/ retrieved by 31 August 2014

Solution on Material Science

Question: Discuss about the Solution on Material Science? Answer: Solution1 (a): This component can be made from (i) Sand Casting (permanent pattern): (ii) Die Casting (iii) Centrifugal Casting (Vertical) Solution1 (b): (i). Sand Casting (permanent pattern): these castings basically use to produce bigger parts, in which other casting process is not suitable. To make 1000 component in a batch, we have to use two walled cylinder and a separate sand core is place just between them. Its problem is that It has grainy surface and generally internal porosity is developed. dimension is also largely variable. After casting machining is necessary, this causes extra cost. (ii) Die Casting: Basically we can use cold die casting, in this process the component in batches can be produced but one again cost of mold is high, we have to change it regularly, and main factor is that generally metal is used in die casting has generally low melting point that Iron and steel. So we can use this casting in low MP of material. (iii) Centrifugal Casting (Vertical): This is the best method by which we can produce the given component. The main characteristic of this it has finer grain structure with coarse web and rib. Solution1 (c): My recommendation goes with the third one, because we can produce it in a batch. Not bothering about core in this process. High strength of casting is also possible. It is widely used in industries now, So setup is also easily available and cost effective. Solution2 (a): It looks like; the component is galvanized for protection against corrosion. So we have to describe about types of corrosion prevention method these are (i) By control of electrode potential (ii) By blockage (iii) By metal coating or metal spray Solution2 (b): (i) By control of electrode potential: this method is suitable for Large old sections whose replacement is costly affairs. To controlling the corrosion, we have to design the component in such a way that drainage of water is easy. Moisture accumulation is removed etc. By doing this we can achieve 30% of corrosion prevention. (ii) By blockage; in this process we have to provide extra covers to the surfaces of component. Its also permanent process by covering the component is itself is sometimes costly affairs. it is easier to make new component. that is why is not frequently used iii) By metal coating or paint spray: Metal coating is generally done through galvanizing. This is the cheapest and durable process, galvanized material last for about 20 yrs. from corrosion. Nos of steel companies are selling galvanized sheets, by which the above component can be made. Solution2 (c): My recommendation goes with galvanized material, because it is coated with Zn of Al, By doing this component not only prevented from corrosion but also strengthen, and leakage free, Component made from galvanized material is also cheaper as compared to above process. Solution3 (a): The other two characteristics are shape of particles and size distribution of particles. Solution3 (b): The nucleation and growth kinetics of the condensed phase is the factor which determines the particle size in metal powder production by chemical reaction. i.e. Decomposition of Carbonyl gives particles of sizes between 0.2 and 20 m. As per reaction mechanism, reaction with different ionic solution is as follows AgNO3(I) + K2SO3(I) = Ag(s) + 1/2K2SO4(l)+KNO3 + 1/2SO2(g). The particle size is based on nucleation and growth kinetic, it is about 1 m dia. range References: Campbell, J, 2011, Complete Casting Handbook: Metal Casting Processes, Metallurgy, Techniques, Elsevier, USA. Randall, M, 2005, Powder Metallurgy Particulate Materials Processing, Metal Powder Industry, USA.

Persuasive Essay on Eating Healthy free essay sample

In order for a person to be healthy and stay healthy, they have to exercise daily, eat the right kinds of food, staying clean, and that person would feel good about themselves in the inside and outside. In the inside, they will feel good about themselves. That person won’t be worrying about their weight or how their appearance may look like because they feel beautiful in the inside just by staying healthy. In the outside, the person will feel good and strong. They will have a positive self-esteem about themselves. They can be able to do or achieve anything that comes into the person’s way without having negative thoughts. If a person were to eat a lot of junk food, drink a lot of soft drinks, and do things that could destroy their health, they are destroying their body. If they don’t eat the right kinds of food, exercise daily, and stay clean, they could kill themselves faster and they could easily catch a sickness and die from it, because they don’t have enough strength to fight the sickness. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Essay on Eating Healthy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In their mind, they will have negative thoughts and not positive thoughts. They will put themselves down and also everyone around them, including their loved ones. They won’t have the strength to do anything, except just sleep, eat, and talk. In other words, they will become very lazy, because they won’t have enough energy to do anything. So, in order to stay healthy, we have to eat the right kinds of food, exercise daily, and stay clean so that we can feel good about ourselves inside and outside. If we don’t eat healthy and stay healthy, we might become lazy or catch a sickness really fast and die. So, I leave you with this quote â€Å" Healthy Me, I Feel Good†.

Ethics and Good Prostitution Essays

Ethics and Good Prostitution Essays Ethics and Good Prostitution Paper Ethics and Good Prostitution Paper Prostitution: In the End, There’s Nothing Wrong with It. Prostitution is defined by Florida State Statute 796. 07 in 1994 as â€Å"the giving or receiving of the body for sexual activity for hire but excludes sexual activity between spouses† (â€Å"Legal Definition of Prostitution†). Though it has been illegalized, an age old discrepancy dealing with the morality and ethical concepts of prostitution is still a controversial topic being discussed today. The main ethical problem being debated about the profession of prostitution is if the selling of sex, something that is meant to be private and personal, should be allowed and morally accepted within society if used for monetary gain in order to pay for the necessities of life. Some question whether prostitution should remain outlawed if it just a means of profit and a way to continue to support oneself in everyday life, while others fully condemn the selling of the human body to others for pleasure. After evaluating the normative theories discussed in Noel Stewart’s Ethics, one could bring about four noticeably differing views towards prostitution, two of which will be discussed in the following essay. While the theory of utilitarianism would initially state prostitution to be moral and acceptable as long as it brings happiness and utility to oneself and greater numbers of people, Kant’s moral theory would first condemn the moral duty disturbed by selling sex, but then consequentially develop an allowance for prostitution after classifying it as a mutually respected act and not a means to an end for one person of the relationship. The general principle and three concepts outlined within the normative theory of utilitarianism with reference to John Stuart Mill’s rule utilitarianism specifically, as well as Kantian beliefs dealing with the categorical imperative however, reach the same conclusion in the view of prostitution, deeming it morally ethical through slightly different thought and ideological processes. â€Å"Utilitarianism gets its name from the word ‘utility’, which means happiness rather than usefulness† (Stewart 13). When viewed from a utilitarian point of view, prostitution can been seen as an act to bring about money and in turn, happiness, from the ability to support oneself without the heavy reliance on outside influences. Good prostitution would require a certain skill level to create a good living through it; this skill would instill self-worth for prostitutes and a sense of satisfaction with themselves and their abilities. All three concepts of utilitarianism an be applied to the act of prostitution to provide evidence as to why a utilitarian would view prostitution as acceptable. Utilitarianism states â€Å"that it’s the results or consequences of the action that count in deciding whether it’s right† (Stewart 13). The results of prostitution can be summed into two things: monetary benefits for the prostitution and satisfaction for the client, both of which are needed within life. Humans have always traded whatever they had in exchange for something they needed,† proving that prostitution has never truly created an immoral or unjustifiable situation which needed to be illegalized (â€Å"Sexual Autonomy amp; Prostitution†). Utilitarianism also â€Å"holds that happiness/utility is good in itself . . . . So things such as money, power, friendship and so on are only instrumental goods,† meaning that using prostitution as an â€Å"instrumental good† is morally viable so long as it brings about happiness and utility (Stewart 13). Sydney Biddle Barrows, perhaps better known to millions as the ‘Mayflower Madam,’ found herself moonlighting as a phone girl at an escort service . . . less than a year later she opened up her own agency,† proving that prostitutes do find utility and happiness from their professions (â€Å"Is It Wrong†). The third and final concept of utilitarianism states that â€Å"the principle of utility is the most fundamental moral principle†; this principle says â€Å"You sho uld always try to bring about ‘the greatest happiness of the greatest number’† (Stewart 13). Prostitution would follow right along this principle if legalized for the pure fact that prostitutes would bring happiness to themselves as well as the several clients who currently hide their acts and desires for this profession. All three noted types of utilitarian theories find prostitution to be morally just. With a specification to Mill’s utilitarianism, most realize that there are certain health issues that would need to be addressed and limited by rules, as outlined by Mill’s â€Å"rule utilitarianism† (Stewart 23-33). Prostitution would have to be regulated,† in ways such as â€Å"’closely monitoring a prostitute’s health, rigorously training the prostitute, imposing strict standards for conduct while at work, and monitoring client contact to assure quality and efficiency of service,† which would in turn be viewed by people as a base for which rule utilitarianism could be applied as another factor of proving prostitution as acce ptable and moral (â€Å"Sexual Autonomy amp; Prostitution†). Jeremy Bentham, the mind behind act tilitarianism states that, â€Å"Pleasure is therefore always good, and happiness consists of having pleasurable experiences† (Stewart 15). Prostitution brings pleasure to both the prostitute and their client: monetary and mental pleasure for the prostitute and sexual pleasure for the client. It has even been found that â€Å"97% of house-prostitutes like themselves more after than before becoming prostitutes,† proving the happiness gained by prostitutes in their profession (â€Å"Prostitution Should Be Legal†). Finally, there are the concepts of preference utilitarianism, which also finds prostitution to be morally just. In this form of utilitarianism you act so as to satisfy the greatest number of preferences in the greatest number of people† (Stewart 33). Polls conclude that a promising 83% of people want prostitution to be legalized and 3% have no pr eference, leaving less than 15% of people who want prostitution to remain outlawed (â€Å"Prostitution Should Be Legal†). There is more than enough evidence that can be found to not only parallel utilitarianism in finding prostitution morally just, but also show popular desire for the profession. Though Immanuel Kant â€Å"argue[s] against the stern laws of duty and their validity, or at least [thinks] to place their purity . . . in doubt,† everything within his deontological theory finds prostitution completely permissible and moral (Kant 21). Kant’s moral theory focuses on the categorical imperative; the categorical imperative â€Å"distinguishes between right and wrong actions by universalizing the action’s maxim and seeing if this can be done consistently† (Stewart 36). This test of whether things are right or wrong is broken into two formulations, through both of which prostitution can be found as moral and acceptable. The first is the â€Å"formula of universal law, which states ‘Act only on those maxims which you can will to be universal laws’† (Stewart 37). This being stated, prostitution has the ability to be conducted in a manner willed to be universal law because of its nature as a relationship as opposed to an uneven take but do not give balance. When prostitution is compared to other professions, â€Å"it is arguable that there are many possible jobs which no one should have to do merely to survive,† as well as that of prostitution (â€Å"Sexual Autonomy amp; Prostitution†). All jobs are needed in an individual’s life in order to survive: to buy food, to pay for a place to live, to provide and support families, etc. Just as teachers are paid for teaching, bank tellers are paid for banking, and car services are paid for transportation, prostitutes are paid for sex. These relationships are all equal in their give-take balance, yet only prostitution is found illegal for some unjust reason. These relationships tie into the second formulation of the categorical imperative; â€Å"the formula of ends, which states, â€Å"Always treat other persons as ends in themselves and never only as means’† (Stewart 37). When it comes to the selling of sex, â€Å"both sides [of] the relationship [are] merely a means to a private end,† where the relationship is a means to a private end, and not the prostitute or client themselves (Primoratz 161). These relationships are respectful and mutual, allowing them to be found moral and accept by Kant’s moral theory. Professor of Economics Tyler Cowen has written numerous books which emphasize the necessary ties between these fields in order for society to strive (â€Å"Is It Wrong†). So although prostitution is interpreted to be a distasteful and unsanitary profession, it is not much different in its relations and purposes from many other necessary jobs, therefore it is not morally wrong. Contrary to the assumptions that prostitution is a crime-related field dealing with just drugs, sex and money, prostitutes use the monetary gain of selling sex by means of prostitution to â€Å"encompass such an incredibly broad range of ideas,† making it impossible to say that most if not all prostitution is acted about for a certain reason involving one’s needs in life (â€Å"Is It Wrong†). The motivations for prostitution can range from helping a medical student pay for graduate school to supplementing the income of a mother just getting by on supporting and feeding her children; the situations that this profession could serve to help are impossible to estimate on a grand scale. Most of the negative views towards the profession of prostitution developed only when feminists began to look at it as an abuse to women and sex. When this evolved, prostitution became crime-associated and soon after, outlawed in almost every state. Media and the general crowd alike associated â€Å"verbs‘fuck’, ‘screw’, ‘have’ . . . metaphorically to indicate deceiving, taking advantage of, [and/or] harming someone† (Primoratz 180). If it was not for such a farfetched interpretation of an act that was meant to be a profession for monetary gain, prostitution would still be a prospering field today. Prostitution was not as frowned upon until it had a onnotation of being crime-based by media and laws that do not fully grasp the potential and purpose of moral prostitution. After reviewing the normative theories of utilitarianism and Kantian Ethics, it is seen that prostitution should be legalized with regulation because it is moral and acceptable under these theories. Prostitution is the world’s oldest profession, meaning it has been desired and acted upon as a means of surviva l since the human race learned how to use trade for their benefit. Of all arguments against prostitution, â€Å"None effectively counters the notion that if peoples are allowed to see their bodies in so many other ways in order to earn money, then they should be allowed to sell their bodies sexually in order to earn money† (â€Å"Sexual Autonomy amp; Prostitution†). Utilitarianism emphasizes this statement by explaining prostitution as a way of achieving what one needs, providing a service, and finding a deeper sense of happiness and self worth. Furthermore, Kantian ethics states that if there is a mutually respectful relationship and if people themselves are not being used as a means to an end without adequate compensation, prostitution is moral and acceptable within society. Philosopher Igor Primoratz argues, â€Å"It has been pointed out time and again that there is no morally significant difference between the common prostitute and the spouse in what used to be called a marriage of convenience,† which, if being paralleled to prostitution, should be illegal as well (160). This is not the case; marriages of convenience are not illegal, nor should prostitution be. Edward Tabash writes in Freedom USA, â€Å"If we, as a society, really care about women, we will not only provide them with equal rights and opportunity, but we will stop turning some of them into criminals merely because they have chosen to exchange sex for money† (â€Å"Legalizing Prostitution†). Prostitution is an act which is used specifically for the bettering of a person’s life; after looking over two normative theories and finding evidence that this profession is moral and acceptable, there is no reason why it should be seen as a moral problem with the right regulations and health precautions. â€Å"Is It Wrong To Pay For Sex? † NPR. Chip Walters All Things Human. PBS, 29 Apr. 2009. Web. 30 Oct. 2009. Kant, Immanuel. Fundamental Principles Of The Metaphysic Of Morals. Kessinger, 2004. Print. â€Å"Legal Definition of Prostitution. †Ã‚  The Lectric Law Librarys Lexicon. Lectric Law Library. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. â€Å"Legalizing Prostitution. † About. com. The New York Times Company, 24 Jan. 2004. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. Primoratz, Igor. â€Å"Whats Wrong with Prostitution? Philosophy. Vol. 68. Cambridge UP, 1993. 159-82. Ser. 264. JSTOR. Web. 27 Oct. 2009.   jstor. org/stable/3751160  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Prostitution Should Be Legal: The Statistics Prove It. † Kuro5hin. Web. 18 Nov. 2009. â€Å"Sexual Autonomy amp; Prostitution: Sex Sells, But Should Sex Be Sold? † About. com. The New York Times Company. Web. 30 Oct. 2009. Stewart, Noel. Ethics: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy. Malden, MA: Polity, 2009. Print.

Describe three economic issues concerning President Obama's Health Research Paper

Describe three economic issues concerning President Obama's Health Care Plan - Research Paper Example The first source is directly from the White House and considers the economic benefits of President Barack Obama’s health care plan. As it is directly related to the President it is undoubtedly slanted; however, it also is important in that it directly reflects the White House perspective on the economics of health care reform. The White House argues that the health care plan will make health care more affordable for Americans. It argues this will occur since the health care plan will provide significant tax cuts for middle class Americans. These tax cuts are intended to reduce the premium costs of over ten million families, as well as millions of small businesses. In all, the article argues that this helps, â€Å"32 million Americans afford health care who do not get it today – and makes coverage more affordable for many more. Under the plan, 95% of Americans will be insured.† (White House, Web) In addition to the specified benefits, the White House argues that there are a number of other benefits that can be derived from the recently passed health care bill. The arguments are that the health care reform bill will establish a competitive environment among health insurance companies that will further reduce costs and improve quality of service. In addition it is intended to give many Americans the same quality of service that many members of Congress have. It is also intended to bring more accountability to health insurance companies, as the rules will require more transparency and accountability. Furthermore, it notes – and this indeed is one of the major issues that concerns the economic status of Obama’s motivation for health care reform – namely that individuals with pre-existing conditions can no longer be denied health care coverage. Finally, the site argues that this reform will set the country on the right path for economic success. While